Want to find your lens? Five questions, no jargon — they tell you which of four reads fits how you already think.
Cheap and healthy — worth a proper look.
The math shows a margin of safety, and nothing is obviously deteriorating.
Price against fair value
Free cash flow — 10-year history ($B)
What the math is really telling you. Watch whether cash flow is compounding — that, more than any single year, is what a value read hangs on.
The read — lights & verdict
- Good:UndervaluedFair value ~$110 vs $55 — a margin of safety of 100%.
- Good:Price is in line with its recordPriced for ~-4%/yr, roughly what it has delivered (2.9%/yr).
- Good:Revenue still growingUp 4.3% last year — demand isn't the problem.
- Good:Cash flow compoundingFree cash flow up ~2.9%/yr — the engine is growing.
- Good:Fortress balance sheetNet cash positive (+$0B) — little solvency risk.
How this was built. Every figure is computed from PayPal Holdings, Inc.'s SEC filings — no estimates, no AI. Two-stage DCF: 9% discount rate, 5% free-cash-flow growth for 10 years, 2.5% terminal. Free cash flow is operating cash flow less capital spending. Net cash is cash and marketable securities less borrowings, commercial paper and finance leases; operating leases are disclosed but never counted as debt. Fundamentals are from the FY25 annual report and change only when a new one is filed. Price of $54.96 taken 2026-09-04 (Google Finance, manual entry, 2026-08-28) — it is not live and does not move during the day.
TickerMath is an educational tool, not investment advice — it computes one model from SEC filings and can be wrong. How we compute this →